The Chengde Mountain Resort is a cool, scenic resort where the Qing royal court would migrate each May to spend the summer here and escape Beijing's summer heat. This massive, 18th-century estate is twice the size of the Summer Palace and eight times the size of Beihai Park. Situated in the basin to the north of Chengde City, 250 kilometers to the northeast of Beijing, this summer retreat provided the royal family with almost zen-like architectural simplicity. It is still the largest imperial garden existing in the world today. Qing emperors Kang Xi, Qian Long, and Jia Qing often spent several months a year here.
The palace in the resort's southe part was designed to resemble Beijing's Forbidden City. The construction began in 1703 and finished in 1792. The total area covers 5,640,000 sq. km and is surrounded by a 10 kilometer long palace wall. The area is divided into two parts: the palace quarter and the scenic quarter. It consists of over 120 groups of ancient architecture, (some of them bear the inscriptions of various Qing emperors) most of which cluster in the south part of the compound and are situated in nine successive courtyards extending from north to south. The majority of the scenic quarter has been taken over by lakes and hills. It was here that emperors would watch archery displays and indulge in hunting expeditions. With a little imagination, it is not hard to picture life at the mountain resort during its golden era.
In 1961 the resort was listed as a protected historical spot and designated in 1982 as an important scenic and historical site by the Chinese govement. In December 1994, the Chengde Mountain Resort and surrounding temples were listed in the Chronology of Recognition of World Heritage in China.
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